The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have revolutionized the way Earth sciences are studied, analyzed, and applied. Traditional approaches to understanding natural systems often face challenges due to complexity, non-linearity, and vast data volumes inherent in environmental and geospatial research. AI provides powerful tools to process, model, and interpret these massive datasets. Further exploration may enable researchers to uncover hidden patterns, improve predictive capabilities, and support evidence-based decision-making. AI and Remote Sensing for Earth Sciences examines how AI-driven techniques transform disciplines like climate change research, geospatial analysis, hydrology, geology, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, and natural hazard management. It explores the diverse applications of AI in addressing global challenges, environmental crises, and societal issues. This book covers topics such as data science, machine learning, and agricultural science and engineering, and is a useful resource for engineers, academicians, researchers, and environmental scientists.